Okujwayelekile ngeCovid-19

Dr Marlies Craig (PhD Epidemiology, Basel University, Switzerland)

13 Julayi 2020

Yini esiyaziyo ngeCovid-19?

ICovid-19 igciwane elisha. Igama elithi Novel lichaza into entsha sha.

Yonke into esiyazayo ngayo siyifunde kusukela ngoDisemba 2019. Njengoba lolu bhubhane lusabalala njengequbula lomlilo, isayensi iyehluleka ukumelana nalo. Isifo esixakile, esinzima, futhi kuningi kakhulu esingakwazi ngaso okwamanje.

Ohulumeni kudingeke ukuba bathathe izinqumo ezinzima ngesikhathi lapho bekungekho lutho olubhaliwe ngalesi sifo. Isayensi esinayo manje ishicilelwe kuphuthunywa ukuze kube nolwazana nje lapha phandle. Olunye lwalo lolo lwazi kudingeke ukuba luhoxiswe ngoba lwashicilelwa kuphuthunywa. Siyafunda yize noma sisazama ukubhekana nale nkanankana. Lokhu kufana nokufundela ukuba udokotela ube uhlinza isiguli noma uthi ufunda ukudlala insimbi yomculo ethile kodwa ube uyidlala ekhonsathini.

Ukuthatha izinqumo ezifanele, sidinga:

1. Ukuba nolwazi oluyilo (imininingo efane yesayensi, kunokuba sibe nezindatshana esizizwayo, inzwabethi noma ukutatazela);
2. ukukholwa izinombolo (kunokuba siziphike);
3. ukuthatha izinyathelo ngemiphumela (kunokuthi senze izinto eziphikisana nemiphumela noma singenzi lutho nhlobo).

Lokhu kuyiqiniso kuhulumeni, kanjalo nakubantu bonke. Noma yiluphi ulwazi olukhona, kumele sazi ngalo, futhi sizimisele ngokufunda.

Futhi sidinga ukuba sizimisele ukuguqula izindlela zethu, senze okuthile ngesikufundile, senze okufanele. Lokhu sikulindele kwabanye, sikulindele nakuhulumeni. Nabanye bakulindele kithina.

Njengabantu, siyadinga futhi ukuzimisela ukuba sisize nabanye. Lesi akusona isikhathi sokuzicabangela wedwa, kepha isikhathi sokubambana, sithandane, sibe mnene, sibe nomusa, sibe nozwelo futhi sicabangelane.

Leli bhukwana liwumzano wokufingqa ezinye zezinto ezisemqoka esesizifundile ngeCovid-19 kuze kube manje. Khumbula, iningi lalolu lwazi luselusha futhi aluqinisekisiwe, futhi sifunda okusha nsukuzonke.

Yimbi kangakanani iCovid-19?

• ICovid-19 igciwane elisha.
  • Abantu abakaze babe nalo phambilini, ngakho asikwazi ukuzivikela kulona.
  • Asinalo ikhambi lokulelapha leli gciwane, asinawo nomgomo wokuligwema.
  • Ekuqaleni, sasingenayo ngisho indlela yokuhlolela leli gciwane. Izinto zokuhlolela leli gcina ezikhona njengamanje zenziwe sekusheshwa futhi azithembekile ngokugcwele.
  • Alukho ulwazi olubhaliwe olunzulu ngaleli gciwane okwamanje. Isayensi ngaleli gciwane yintsha futhi ayihloliwe.
• Imvama iCovid-19 iyabulala, ngokufanayo njengezinye ‘izifo ezibulalayo’.
• ICovid-19 iyingozi kakhulu kubantu abadala. Isibalo esiphezulu esiqinisekiswe sabantu esebeshonile ngesabantu abadala:

• ICovid0-19 iyingozi kakhulu kubantu abanezinye izifo njengalezo ezikhonjiswe kwigrafu:

• ICovid-19 isabalala ngokushesha: isibalo esiqinisekisiwe sikhule sisuka ku-1000 saya ku-1 million ezinyangeni ezimbili nje vo, saba ngu-10 million ezinyangeni ezintathu.
• ICovid-19 ibulala ukwedlula ezinye izifo eziningi. Isibonelo:
  • Ngasekupheleni kuka Juni 2020, kwase kufe abantu abangu -500 000 ngenxa kaCovid-19, okungu 2% (1% owabaneminyaka engu -50, bese kufika ku 15% kubantu abaneminyaka engu -80 nangaphezulu).
  • Njalo ngonyaka, cishe bangu-1 billion abantu abaphathwa umkhuhlane, yize noma kungewona wonke umuntu oguliswa umkhuhlane. Izinga lokubulawa umkhuhlane cishe lingu-0.1%. Ezinyangeni ezintathu ezedlule, iCovid-19 isibulale abantu abangaphezu kwalabo abangabulawa umkhuhlane ngonyaka owodwa.
  • Onyakeni owodwa (2017) cishe bangu -219 million abantu abathola umalaleveva emhlabeni wonke, futhi kwashona abantu abangu -435 000, leli izinga lokufa elingu 0.2%. ICovid-19 ibulala ngokudlulele kashumi uma iqhathaniswa nomalalevela.
  • Isifo sofuba (TB) njengamanje, yisona sifo esihamba phambili ngezinga lokuthelelana emhlabeni wonke; sibulala inqwaba yabantu njalo ngonyaka ukuzedlula zonke ezinye izifo. Ngo 2018, bangu -10 million abantu abatheleleka nge TB kanti bangu -1.5 million abashona. Kusukela kuziro, iCovid-19 isisabalele kubantu abantu -10 million esikhathini esiyingxenye nje yonyaka futhi isingunombolo -3 ezifweni ezibulalayo.
  • Isibalo sabantu abashonayo eminyakeni emihlanu kutholakale ukuthi abanomdlavuza wendlala yamadoda singu 1.4%, 8.3% abanomdlavuza wesikhumba; no 10% abanomdlavuza webele (1% uma itholakale kusanesikhathi). Qhathanisa lokhu nesibalo seCovid-19 esingu 1% wabantu abafayo abaneminyaka engu-50 ubudala, kuya ku 15% kubantu abaneminyaka engu-80 nangaphezulu yobudala. Kuye ngeminyaka yobudala, iCovid-19 ifana nokuthola eminye yalemidlavuza ngesikhathi usezitolo bese uyidlulisela emndenini wakho ezinsukwini ezimubalwa uyitholile.
• ICovid-19 ayifani nhlobo nokuthola umkhuhlane. EChina kwaba kanje:
  • U-81% wabantu abaqinisekisiwe akudingekanga ukuba baye esibhedlela. Lesi sifo okuthiwa ‘sincane’ sichazwa njengesifo ‘esingesona esamaphaphu noma njengesifo samaphaphu esincane’.
  • U-19% wabantu udinga ukuba sesibhedlela.
  • U-14% wesibalo esiphelele sabantu abanalesi sifo sabaphatha ‘sabaqinisa’: bahluleka ukuphefumula, baphefumula ngamandla, baphefumula kancane, bashayelwa ngamandla inhliziyo, behlelwa umfutho wegazi, badinga ukuxhunywa oksijini ukuze baphefumule.
  • U-5% ‘babegulela ukufa’: behlulwa ukuphefumula, ukufeyila kwezitho zomzimba, badinga imishini yokuphefumula.

• Izimpawu ngokuvamile zihlala iviki elilodwa kuya kwamabili kodwa zingadonsa kunalokho.
• Cishe u-2% wabantu abaqinisekisiwe asebeshonile emhlabeni wonke.
• ICovid-19 ithathwa njengesifo esinzima sokuhluleka ukuphefumula ‘Severe Acute Respiratory Disease’ (SARS), kepha, miningi imibiko ekhathazayo ekhomba ukuthi leli gciwane aligcini ngokuhlasela amaphaphu nje kuphela, kepha sihlasela nezinye izitho zomzimba: njengengqondo nemizwa, inhliziyo, izinso, isibindi, igazi, amasende, njll.
  • Kungenzeka ukuba leli gciwane lilamaze noma libulale izitho zomzimba isikhathi eside noma unomphelo. Futhi kunesibalo esikhulayo sabantu abangalulami, kepha igcinwale lilokhu libuyile njengamagagasi. Abanye abantu abakwazi ukubuyela empilweni yabo eyejwayelekile. Konke lokhu kuyakhathaza.

Leli qiniso nokutholakele akuvezwa ukunesabisa, kepha ukwazisa wonke umuntu ongakabuqondi ubungozi baleli gciwane: ICovid-19 ngempela iyisifo esinzima. Noma yiziphi izenzo noma ukuzivikela, okubala nokuvalelwa okubekwa nguhulumeni, akulona ihaba.

Yiziphi izimpawu zeCovid-19?

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu kuba yilezi: imfiva (ivamile kepha awuhlali unayo njalo), ukukhwehlela (okomile), ukulahlekelwa umuzwa wokuhogela noma wokunambitha, inkinga yamehlo (akhalayo, abuhlungu, azwelayo ekukhanyeni), ukukhathala, isifuba esibuhlungu, ukugodola, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukuphuma izikhwehlela, ukuphelelwa umoya.

Izimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu zibala ubuhlungu bamamasela, ukuhuda, isicanucanu, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukuhefuzela, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukudideka komqondo, ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukudiyazela, ukungazi ukuthi kwenzekani, ubuhlungu besisu/besinye.

Isabalala kanjani?

• ICovid-19 isabalala ngamathonsi obumanzi, esiwaphefumulayo uma sikhwehlela, sithimula, simemeza, sicula, sikhuluma, noma uma siphefumula nje. Ayidingi ukuba uze uthintane ngqo nomuntu onayo.
  • Amathonsi amakhulu emva kwalokho awela phansi noma ezindaweni ezingaphezulu. Sibe sesithelelana uma sithinta lezi zindawo ezingaphezulu, bese sithinta nobuso bethu. Sonke sihlala sithinta ubuso bethu – imvama, kaningi emzuzwini owodwa nje.
  • Kubukeka engathi igciwane lihlala liphila ezindaweni ezingaphezulu amahora amaningi, okufika ezinsukwini ezintathu.
  • Amathonsi amancane angandiza emoyeni isikhashana. 
• Isifo sisabalala kubantu bonke, ngokuthi singene kumuntu oyedwa bese siqhubekela nakwabanye.
  • Uma umuntu eqhubeka ehlangana nabanye, nezinga lokuthelelana ngegciwane liyakhuphuka.
  • Uma abantu beqhubeka behlanganyela endaweni eyodwa, nezinga lokuthelelena liphezulu kuleyo ndawo.
  • Ukulandela ukutheleleka kwabantu imizamo yokuthola wonke umuntu oseke wahlangana nomuntu osetheleleka ngegciwane.

• Izindawo eziyisizinda segciwane izindawo lapho izinga lokutheleleka liphezulu kakhulu.
  • Lezi yizindawo lapho iqoqo labantu lihlangana ndawonye, isikhathi eside, endaweni evalekile okungangeni kahle umoya kuyo, ezifana nezindawo zezingqungquthela, imihlangano yezinkonzo, ukucula kwamakwaya, amakilabhu, izindawo zokuphuza, zokuzijabulisa, imingcwabo, izindawo zokujima noma zokudansa, njll.
  • Olunye ucwaningo olulandelisise kahle ukuqubuka kwegciwane endaweni okungu-318 okubandakanya abantu asebeqinisekisiwe abathathu noma ngaphezulu, luthole ukuthi kunye kuphela ukuqubuka okwenzeke endaweni engaphandle, futhi kutheleleke abantu ababili kuphela. Konke okunye ukutheleleka kwenzeke ezindaweni ezingaphakathi/ezivalekile. Ukuqubuka kufaka ukudluliswa kwegciwane endaweni engaphezu kweyodwa. Ukuthelelana ngegciwane ekhaya yikona okuvame kakhulu (lokhu kungu-80% wokuqubuka kwegciwane endaweni), nasezintweni zokugibela (kungu-34%). Ezinye izindawo ezivamile izindawo zokudlela /izitolo zokudla okuphekiwe, izindawo zokuzijabulisa nasezitolo.
  • Kolunye ucwaningo ukuthelelana okwenzeke endaweni engaphakathi/evalekile kuphindaphindeke ka -19 uma kuqhathaniswa nokwenzeke endaweni engaphandle.
• Kukhona nalabo ‘abangabasabalalisi abakhulu’: laba ngabantu abasabalalisa isifo kubantu abangamakhulu nangaphezulu.
  • Amaphesenti aphansi angango -10% wabantu abanegciwane bangalisabalalisa kubantu abangamaphesenti angu- 80, esimweni ngasinye.
  • Laba kungaba abantu abathelelekile kepha bengazi, abangayilandeli imigomo yokuzivikela, abehla benyuka ezindaweni ezingaphakathi/ezivalekile bese behlangana nabanye abantu abaningi. Kungenzeka babe nezinhloso ezinhle, bezixoxela nje, bezihlanganela nabanye, bathanda ukuxoxa, ukwanga nokuxhawula. Kungaba yinomaba ngubani kithina.
  • Khumbula: akubona abantu abayingozi, kepha yigciwane.

Ithatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Abantu abakaze babe naleli gciwane ngaphambilini, ngakho ukuzivekela kwemizimba yethi akunayo ‘ikhodi’ engase ilibone ngokushesha leli gciwane bese ilihlasela. Indlela imizimba yethu ebhekana ngayo negciwane iya ngokuthi asebenza kangakanani amasosha emizimba yethu ukubona nokulwa nezifo ezintsha. Uma amasosha ethu omzimba eqinile futhi esebenza kahle, ayakwazi ukulihlasela nalo leli gciwane.

Sibona izindlela ezehlukile kakhulu indlela imizimba yabantu ebhekana ngayo naleli gciwane, kuye ngokuthi abantu bagula kangakanani, bathatha isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuba baqale bagule, bathatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi balulame, noma bayaba nazo yini izimpawu kuqala.

• Isikhathi sokufukamela: Isikhathi esisukela uthola igciwane kuze kube uba nezimpawu zokuqala, sivame ukuba izinsuku ezingu 4-6 kepha zingaba noma ngaki kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezingu 14 noma ngaphezulu.
• Isikhathi sokuthelelana: Ngaso sonke lesi sikhathi igciwane liyafafazeka, futhi uthelela nabanye abantu. Ukuthelelana kungaqala kusasele izinsuku eziningi ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu zokuqala futhi kuqhubeke isonto lonke emva kokuba seziphelile izimpawu.
• Isikhathi sokuthelelana ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimapwu: Lesi isikhathi lapho abantu sebethelelekile futhi bethelela nabanye, kepha bengakaqali ukugula, isikhathi esiyingozi kakhulu lesi empilweni yomphakathi.
  • Ucwaningo olunye lulinganisela ukuthi lesi sikhathi sithatha cishe izinsuku ezine, nokuthi kutheleleka abantu abangu -20 kuya ku -80% ngalesi sikhathi – kuye ngokuthi abantu bahlala ngabodwa isikhathi esingakanani uma sebeqale ukuba nezimpawu.
  • Olunye ucwaningo lwathola isibalo esiphezulu segciwane emphinjeni (ubungako begciwane) ngesikhathi noma ngaphambi kokuba kuqale izimpawu. Singabathelela kakhulu abanye abantu ngaphambi kokuba siqale sigule, noma uma nje siqala ukuba nezimpawu zokuqala.
• Ukuthelelana ngaphandle kwezimpawu: Abanye abantu bangatheleleka kepha bangaguli nhlobo. Abukho ubufakazi bokuthi abantu abangenazo izimpawu banezinga elilinganayo legciwane emphinjeni yabo, futhi bangadlulisa igciwane kalula, njengabantu abanazo izimpawu. Ngakho abantu bangatheleleka, bangaguli nhlobo, bangazi ukuthi banegciwane, kodwa bathelele abanye abantu ngegciwane.

Zikhona kodwa izindaba ezimnandi?

• ICovid-19 ingagwemeka.
• ICovid-19 itholwa kakhulu abantu abadala kunezingane.
• ICovid-19 ayisatshalaliswa umaskito, futhi ayisatshalaliswa izilwane zasekhaya.
• Igciwane leCovid-19 alindizi ngokukhululeka nje emoyeni. Lihamba ngamathonsi, njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
• Amathonsi anyamalala ngokushesha ngaphandle. Ukuthelelana kwenzeka kakhulu ezindaweni ezingaphakathi/ezivalekile.
• Igciwane liyafa uma lithola insipho noma utshwala.
• Kuyenzeka, ngokuzivalela ngawedwa, ukuba umise ukusabalala kwegciwane kwabanye abantu ohlala nabo endlini.
• Umsebenzi wemishanguzo nemigomo yaleli gciwane uyaqhubeka ngokushesha.

Igciwane linganqotshwa. Amanye amazwe awofakazi balokhu. Asikho isizathu sokuphelelwa yithemba, kepha sinesizathu esikhulu sokuba siqikelele!

Singayigwema kanjani icovid-19?

Amamaski

A mask catches most of the bigger droplets as we breathe out. It should be made oImaski ibamba iningi lamathonsi amakhulu ngesikhathi siphefumula. Kumele yenziwe ngendwangu elula ephindwe kathathu futhi njalo imboze ikhala nomlomo. Njalo khipha imaski ngokuyidonsa ezintanjeni bese uyiwasha ngokushesha.

Amamaski endwangu nawasesibhedlela angasivikela emathonsini amancane nasemathonsini amakhulu akhishwa abanye abantu, kepha hhayi ekuhogeleni imithonseyana emincane kakhulu. Yimaski eyisiphesheli kuphela i- N95 engasivikela emathonsini amancane kakhulu. Imaski iyisivikeli ngoba ingasiyekisa ukuthinta ubuso bethu emva kokuthinta izindawo ezingaphezulu ezinegciwane, ngaleyo ndlela sizithelele thina ngegciwane. Kepha isebenza kuphela uma singeke silokhu siyithinta nayo imaski sigcine sesithinta nobuso bethu.

?? Anginalo igciwane, ngakho kungani kumele ngigqoke imaski?

!! Ungaba negciwane kodwa ungazi. Igciwane lisatshalaliswa yibo labantu abasuke bengakazi ukuthi sebethelelekile futhi abangayinaki imigomo yokuzivikela.

?? Uma imaski ingakwazi ukungivikela ngokuphelele, kungani kufanele ngiyigqoke?

!! Uma wonke umuntu ecabangela ukuphepha kwakhe yedwa, hhayi ukuphepha kwabanye, singaba kuphi nje? Sigqoka amamaski ukuthi sivikelane. Uma bebaningi abantu abagqoka amamaski, wonke umuntu uzophepha.

?? Ayihlali kahle. Angiyithandi.

!! Zama ukuthola ekulingana kahle. Siyathanda ukugqoka ezinye izinto ukuze impilo yethu iphephe, njengamabhade ezihlalo zemoto, amabhandishi, amaplasta, izibuko. Siyakwamukela okunye ukuhlukumezeka nokungakhululeki kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izizathu, njengemfashoni noma ezemidlalo, kungani singakwenzi lokho ngalesi sizathu? Lokhu okungasindisa izinkulungwane nezigindi zempilo yabantu?

Washing hands with sUkugeza izandla ngensipho (nezibulalimagciwane)

Isikhumba somuntu siswakeme, sinamafutha, nengaphezulu elingafani, nokuyindawo enhle yokuphila kwamagciwane. Insipho iyalibulala igciwane ngoba ibulala isikhumba segciwane (amafutha angaphezulu amboze igciwane). Incibikilisa amafutha ahlanganisa futhi agcine igciwame ezikhumbeni zethu, ngakho igciwane lingafa liphele kalula.

Isibulalimagciwane esakhiwe ngotshwala naso siyalibulala igciwane, kepha ukuze sisebenze ngendlela efanayo namanzi anensipho, izandla kumele zimbozwe isibulalimagciwane zonke. Iconsi nje elincane alanele. Uma siphumile, sizulile, isibulalimagciwane singaba yiyona mpendulo, kepha ayikho into edlula ukugeza izandla ngamanzi anensipho.

Ukuqhelelana ngebanga

Ukugcina ibanga okungenani elingamamitha amabili uma ukhuluma nomuntu, kukuvikela emathonsini amakhulu okuyiwo amumethe isibalo esikhulu segciwane, futhi kuba yibanga elanane phakathi kwethu ukuvumela lawo mathonsana amancane ukuba aqhume emoyeni ashabalale.

Gwema ukuhlangana neqoqo labantu abaningi, ezindaweni ezingaphakathi/ezivalekile, ezingangeni kahle umoya. Hlangana nabanye abantu ngaphandle uma kwenzeka, nabo abayidlanzana ngesikhathi. Kuyasiza nokugcina isikhathi sokuhlangana sisifushane. Uma sihlanganyela ndawonye isikhathi eside, likhulu nethuba lokuthelelana.

Kanjalo, kangangokuba kungenzeka, gwema izindawo eziyisizinda sokutheleleka: izindawo lapho abantu abaningi behlanganyela khona, noma zinakekele ngokudlulele uma ungeke ukwazi ukuzigwema lezi zindawo (isib. izitolo, izithuthi zomphakathi).

Ukuhlanza izindawo ezingaphezulu

A study showed that viruses can survive on paper and copper for a few hours, on cardboard foUcwaningo lukhombise ukuthi amagciwane angaphila ephepheni nakwikhopha amahora amubalwa, kumakhalibhodi aphila usuku olulodwa, okhunini nasendwangini aphila izinsuku ezimbili, ensimbini nakuplastiki aphila izinsuku ezintathu, eglasini nasemalini aphila izinsuku ezine.

Izindawo ezingaphezuli zingabulawa amagciwane ngokuhlanzwa ngemithi ebulala amagcinwa eyakhiwe ngo 60-70% ethanol; noma 50–100% isopropanol; noma 0.1% bleach; noma 0.5% hydrogen peroxide; noma 0.2–7.5% iodine. Qaphela: akuzona zonke izibulalimagciwane ezisebenzayo!

Igrosa ingabulawa amagciwane ngokuthi iyekwe ingathintwa izinsukwana nje. Izinto ezibolayo ezivaliwe noma ezikumakhonteyna, kanjalo nezithelo nemifino okuthintwe ngezanda ngakunye esitolo, kungawashwa ngamanzi anensipho bese kuhlanjululwa. Ukudla okuthengwa sekupakishiwe kungathululelwa emaphaketheni noma kumakhonteyna ahlanzekile bese kulahlwa lokho okufike kupakishwe kukho. Qaphela: ukufriza noma ukufaka efrijini impahla akulibulali igciwane, empeleni kungaligcina nokulingcina.

Ukuzivalele ngawedwa

Isincomo esikhona njengamanje esokuthi labo abanezimpawu futhi abahlangabezana nencazelo ‘Yomuntu ongaphansi kophenyo’ kumele bahlolwe, bazivalele ngabodwa kuze kuphume imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwabo.

Labo abahlonzwe njengaba ‘sondelene kakhulu’ nalabo asebeqinisekisiwe ukuthi banagciwane, kumele bagonqe izinsuku ezingu 14. Uma beba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zikaCovid-19, kumele bahlolwe. Uma umphumela uthi abanalo igciwane labo, ‘abasondelene kakhulu’ nalabo asebeqinisekisiwe ukuthi banegcinwa, labo bantu kudingeka ukuthi baqhubeke nokuhlala emgonqweni kuze kuphele izinsuku ezingu 14. Uma imiphumela ithi banalo igciwane, kumele bayozivalela ngabojwana.

Kungaba umbono omuhle ukuba ubambisane nomngani nivumelane ukuthi nizosizama (ngokuthengelana ukudla njengesibonelo), uma omunye eseqala ukugula.

Kungani kumiswa nse ukunyakaza?

Into eseqhulwini kuhulumeni ukuba avikele abantu bakhe kuleli gciwane elingumashayabhuqe. Inhloso yokumisa nse ukunyakaza, noma ‘yokuzivalela endlini’ njengoba kubizwa kanjalo kwamanye amazwe, ukunciphiza izinga lokusabalala kobhubhane futhi ‘kuncishiswe nesivinini sokusabalala kwegciwane’.

Kusho ukuthini ‘ukunciphisa isivinini sokusabalala kwegciwane’? Kusho ukunciphisa isivinini igciwane elisabalala ngaso, ukuze isibalo sabantu abagula kakhulu abadinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela, singabi ngaphezu kwesibalo semibhede ekhona esibhedlela (nabasebenzi) abakhona. Uma usuqala ukuphelelwa yimibhede esibhedlela, noma abasebenzi basesibhedlela, yilapho izinto zonakala khona ngempela, ngoba abantu abadinga ukunakekelwa ukuze kusinde impilo yabo, abakwazi ukuthola lokho kunakekelwa.

Lezi zinqubo zokuphepha zisebenza kuphela uma iningi labantu libamba iqhaza. Uma iningi labantu linqaba ukulandela imihlahlandlela, iningi labantu lizozisola kanzima ngalokho emva kwesikhathi. Uma sithobela ngokucophelela yonke le migomo yokuvikelela, futhi uma abantu abaningi behlonipha, wonke umuntu uzophepha, futhi sonke ngokubambisana sizokunciphisa ukusabalala kweCovid-19.

Siyethemba ukuthi isayensi izoqhamuka nemishanguzo kanye nemigomo, kanjalo nezindlela zokuhlola ezingcono, ezingambi eqolo futhi ezisheshayo. Kodwa okwamanje, yinye indlela yokunciphisa ukusabalala kweCovid-19, ukuba siguqule indlela yokuziphatha.

Ubuntu kulesi sikhathi sobhubhane lweCovid-19 kusho ukuthi, Ngikwenzela wena, nawe yenzela mina. Sonke sithatha izinyathezo zokuzivikela nokunakekela abanye.

Izincazelo

• Isifo esithelelanayo: isifo esidalwa ukuhlaselwa yigciwane
• Ukuthelelana: yilapho igciwane lithathelana kusuka kumuntu oyedwa kuya komunye
• Umuntu oqinisekisiwe: umuntu ohloliwe watholakala ukuthi unegciwane
• Ukuqubuka kwesifo: yilapho isifo sisabalala endaweni encane, sithelele isibalo esincane sabantu
• Umbhedukazwe: Ukuqubuka okukhulu kwesifo, ngakho sisabalala ebantwini abaningi, okuholela esibalweni esiphezulu sabantu abaqinisekisiwe
• Ubhubhane: isifo esimbi esisabalala siye kude ezifundeni eziningi zomhlaba, futhi kutheleleke izinkumbi zabantu
• Izinga lokuthelelana (R₀): isilinganiso sesibalo sabantu okuthi uma sebenegciwane bathelele abanye abantu  
• Ukunciphisa isivinini sokusabalala kwegciwane: ukunciphisa isivinini sokusabalala kwesifo
• Ukulandelela ukusondelana kwabatu: umzamo wokuthola bonke abantu abake basondelana nomuntu osetheleleke ngegciwane
• Amalungelo okushicilela: Leli bhukwana lingakopishwa futhi lisatshalaliswe mahhala, ngaphandle kokuguqulwa. Akuvumelekile ukuba liguqulwe noma kusetshenziswe ingxenye yalo ethile. Akuvumelekile ukuba lidayiswe ngenhloso yokwenza inzuzo.

Ubukonga: Sibonga kakhulu kulaba bantu abalandelayo: Dkt Fathima Suleman, Dkt Nina and Garth Hunter, Anwen Cunningham, Egon Volker, Gisela and Martin Tscheuschner ababuyekeze lo mbhalo.

 Uhunyushelwe esiZulwini: uPhiko Lwemisebenzi Yezilimi lukaMasipala waseThekwini

Kuqala yayibhalelwe i-Altersheim Port Natal Retirement Home, South Africa.